GtoP: Darwinism and Marxism

Another Guide to the Perplexed definition 

DARWINISM (or EVOLUTIONISM) is an ideology born in 19th century England. Its origins are in the writings of Charles Darwin (1809-1882) and his colleagues. Darwinism considers evolution through natural selection as the key to understanding the rise and evolution of life upon planet Earth.

MARXISM (or COMMUNISM) is an ideology born in 19th century England. Its origins are in the writings of Karl Marx (1818-1883) and his colleagues. Marxism considers private ownership of capital as the key to understanding the rise and evolution of human societies upon planet Earth.

Proponents of both ideologies have raised and still raise fierce criticism against religion
Darwinism against God the Creator
Marxism against God the King


Science
EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY is a branch of science studying the origins and evolution of life upon planet Earth (Astrobiology elsewhere in the Universe). Charles Darwin (1809-1882) is among the Founding Fathers of evolutionary biology.

SOCIOLOGY is a branch of science studying the birth, development, evolution of human societies (there is also branch of sociology concerned with animals). Karl Marx (1818-1883) is among the Founding Fathers of modern sociology.

As strictly scientific disciplines neither Evolutionary Biology nor Sociology claim to be qualified to determine the existence or non-existence of God.

Scientists hold their personal belief systems - or lack of such - but pursue methodical research and interpretation on the basis of "what is given" (positivism, August Comte) or "what can be said in a meaningful way" (logical-positivism, Ludwig Wittgenstein).